Developmental Anomalies : Median Rhomboid Glossitis; Etiology Clinical Features Oral Manifestations and Treatment

ETIOLOGY
The etiology is failure of retraction of the tuberculum impar before the starting of the fusion of the two halves of the tongue.
Candidal infection has been recently suggested because of isolation of fungal hyphae from the lesion.
CLINICAL FEATURES
It appears as a smooth red patch on the dorsum of the tongue.
It can be of various shapes like oval or round and sometimes irregular.
It does not contain filiform papillae.
HISTOLOGIC FEATURES
The epithelium is hyperparakeratinized type and is devoid of papillae.
The spinous cell layer is larger than normal due to proliferation.
The rete pegs are elongated and may show branching and anastomosis.
The connective tissue shows lymphocytic infiltration.
Blood vessels and lymphatics are increase in number.
Degeneration and hyalinization of the underlying muscles.
TREATMENT
There is no need for treatment.
Spontaneous remissions have been reported.
Nystatin and Amphotericin have shown good results in few cases.